Adolescence is a unique developmental period that requires cognitive and physical growth the development of a sense of identity and close relationships with peers. For teens living with a chronic medical condition or disability adolescence can be particularly challenging because it is often a time of increasing independence and increased social demands. Often, these demands are in conflict with the medical treatments that are necessary to manage a chronic illness or disability.

It is important for teens to feel empowered when it comes to their health care. This doesn’t necessarily mean that they should be completely on their own, but they may need to ask parents for guidance and support with many of the decisions they make (e.g., when to take medication, what activities they can participate in, and whether or not they should drive themselves on a field trip). Teens who are involved in their own management may be more likely to stick with the treatment plan that is recommended by their doctors.

Helping teens to feel empowered around their medical needs also increases the likelihood that they will be able to handle stressful situations. This includes when they have to make a quick decision like whether or not they should drive themselves to an event or when they experience a flare-up of their symptoms and need to get to the emergency room quickly. Teens who are empowered can also be more likely to ask their doctors for advice when they encounter a problem with their treatment plan.

As they mature, teens who have a chronic illness may want to step up their level of responsibility for managing their own healthcare. This can include taking over certain tasks from their parents (e.g., scheduling appointments or keeping track of supplies). Teens may even want to be the one to initiate discussions with their doctors about how they are feeling. It is important for parents to remain involved in this process and to set clear boundaries about what will and won’t be permitted.

Finally, it is also important for parents to be supportive of their teen’s desire for independence and for them to let them know that they will always be there to help. It is also important for parents to be a model of good self-care so that they are not overextended or overwhelmed by their child’s needs.

If your teen is struggling with their responsibilities or is exhibiting symptoms of anxiety or depression related to their chronic illness, you may want to consider seeking the assistance of a psychologist. Psychologists are trained to help children and families accept and manage the challenges of a chronic illness, and they can offer individual or family therapy. You can use the APA’s Psychologists Locator to find a psychologist in your area. Often, it is helpful for both parents and teens to work with the same psychologist so that if new problems or concerns arise, they will already have a trusted relationship with someone who can provide them with the support they need.